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1.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 31: e4067, Jan.-Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1530186

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: desarrollar y validar el contenido de un serious game sobre el manejo seguro de medicamentos intravenosos en pediatría. Método: estudio metodológico para el desarrollo y validación de contenido de una tecnología educativa. Los casos y desafíos del serious game se basaron en una revisión de la literatura y fueron validados por 11 enfermeros con formación y experiencia en el área. Se adoptaron índices de validez de contenido y concordancia para el análisis de concordancia y consistencia interna (mínimo de 0,8). Resultados: el contenido se basa en los principales antibióticos utilizados en el manejo clínico de infecciones en niños hospitalizados y en la seguridad del paciente. Se obtuvo una concordancia absoluta en 60 de los 61 ítems evaluados, y el mínimo obtenido fue de 0,82 en el índice de validación de contenido y 0,80 en concordancia. Los expertos sugirieron ajustes en la formulación de respuestas de un caso específico y se implementaron para mejorar la calidad del contenido de la tecnología. Conclusión: el contenido del serious game Nurseped fue validado por enfermeros expertos en salud infantil en cuanto a casos clínicos, enunciados de preguntas y respuestas de opción múltiple, además del feedback que presenta al usuario una respuesta basada en evidencia tras acertar o fallar en el desafío.


Objective: to develop and validate the content of a serious game on the safe management of intravenous medications in pediatrics. Method: methodological study for the development and content validation of an educational technology. The cases and challenges of the serious game were developed based on a literature review and validated by 11 nurses with training and experience in the area. Content validity and agreement indices were adopted to analyze agreement and internal consistency (minimum of 0.8). Results: the content is based on the main antibiotics used in the clinical management of infections in hospitalized children and patient safety. Absolute agreement was obtained in 60 of the 61 items evaluated, and the minimum obtained was 0.82 in the content validation index and 0.80 in agreement. Adjustments were suggested by experts in the response statement for a specific case and implemented to improve the quality of the technology content. Conclusion: the content of the serious game Nurseped was validated by nurse experts in child health regarding clinical cases, question statements and multiple-choice answers, in addition to feedback that presents the user with an evidence-based answer after getting the challenge right or wrong.


Objetivo: desenvolver e validar o conteúdo de um serious game sobre o manejo seguro de medicamentos endovenosos em pediatria. Método: estudo metodológico para o desenvolvimento e validação de conteúdo de uma tecnologia educacional. Os casos e desafios do serious game foram desenvolvidos com base em revisão da literatura e validados por 11 enfermeiros com formação e atuação na área. Adotou-se os índices de validade de conteúdo e concordância, para análise de concordância e consistência interna (mínimo de 0,8). Resultados: o conteúdo é baseado nos principais antibióticos utilizados no manejo clínico de infecções em crianças hospitalizadas e na segurança do paciente. Obteve-se concordância absoluta em 60 dos 61 itens avaliados, o mínimo obtido foi 0,82 no índice de validação de conteúdo e 0,80 na concordância. Ajustes foram sugeridos pelos experts no enunciado de respostas de um caso específico e implementados para o aprimoramento da qualidade do conteúdo da tecnologia. Conclusão: o conteúdo do serious game Nurseped foi validado por enfermeiros experts em saúde da criança quanto aos casos clínicos, aos enunciados das perguntas e às respostas de múltipla escolha, além do feedback que apresenta ao usuário uma resposta baseada em evidências após o acerto ou erro do desafio.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Child Health , Surveys and Questionnaires , Educational Technology , Feedback , Patient Safety
2.
Psicol. ciênc. prof ; 43: e249989, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1422420

ABSTRACT

O Serviço-Escola de Psicologia (SEP) da Unifesp foi constituído com o intuito de transcender o tradicional funcionamento das clínicas-escola, superando a atomização da Psicologia em áreas e oferecendo serviços integrados à rede. Isso possibilita uma formação interdisciplinar, pluralista, generalista, não tecnicista, crítica, permitindo a compreensão e atuação do psicólogo em diversos contextos socioculturais. O objetivo do artigo é descrever, avaliar e problematizar as ações do SEP da Unifesp, em relação à oferta de campos de estágio e ações desenvolvidas neles. É um estudo transversal, baseado em metodologia predominantemente quantitativa e descritiva. O levantamento de dados foi realizado por meio de dois questionários online respondidos por todos os supervisores. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. Os resultados evidenciaram maior incidência das ações no município de Santos e, em menor grau, em outros municípios da Baixada Santista e na cidade de São Paulo. A maioria das atividades de estágios não se limita ao espaço físico de atendimento clínico do Serviço-Escola, ocorrendo junto às instituições públicas ou às instituições ligadas ao terceiro setor na região, relacionadas, direta ou indiretamente, com a promoção de políticas públicas. A pluralidade de recursos utilizados (grupos, atendimento individual, acompanhamento terapêutico, oficinas, matriciamento, entre outros) revela uma ampliação do repertório de competências e habilidades. A variedade de oferta de projetos e campos de estágio, públicos-alvo atendidos, assim como a diversidade e flexibilidade de ações e estratégias desenvolvidas, apontam um movimento de congruência em relação às diretrizes curriculares nacionais e ao inovador Projeto Pedagógico do curso.(AU)


UNIFESP's Psychology Service-School (SEP) was founded with the objective of going beyond the traditional functioning of school-clinics, overcoming the atomization of Psychology in areas and offering services integrated to the network. This enables an interdisciplinary, pluralist, generalist, non-technicist, and critical training, allowing psychologists' understanding and action in different sociocultural contexts. This article aims to describe, evaluate, and discuss the actions of UNIFESP's SEP regarding the offer of internship fields and the actions developed in those fields. It is a cross-sectional study, based on a predominantly descriptive and quantitative methodology. The data was surveyed with two online questionnaires answered by all supervisors. Quantitative data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed a higher incidence of actions in the municipality of Santos and, to a lesser extent, in other municipalities of the Baixada Santista and in the city of São Paulo. Most internship activities are not limited to the physical space of the service-school's clinical care and take place alongside public institutions or institutions linked to the third sector in the area, directly or indirectly related to the promotion of public policies. The plurality of resources (groups, personal care, therapeutic monitoring, workshops, matrix support, among others) reveals an expansion of competences and skills repertoire. The variety of projects and internship fields offers, of target audiences served, as well as the diversity and flexibility of the developed actions and strategies point to a congruence movement relating to national curricular guidelines and to the innovative pedagogical project of the course.(AU)


El Serviço-Escola de Psicologia (SEP) de la Unifesp (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil) buscó trascender el funcionamiento tradicional de las clínicas universitarias, superar la atomización de la Psicología en áreas y ofrecer servicios integrados a la red. Esto permite una formación interdisciplinar, pluralista, generalista, sin tecnicismos, crítica, lo que posibilita a los/las psicólogos/as comprender y actuar en diferentes contextos socioculturales. Este artículo pretendió describir, evaluar y problematizar las acciones del SEP Unifesp respecto a la oferta de campos de prácticas profesionales y acciones desarrolladas. Es un estudio transversal, con metodología predominantemente cuantitativa y descriptiva. Los datos se recolectaron de dos cuestionarios en línea respondidos por los/las supervisores/as. Se les aplicaron un análisis estadístico descriptivo. Hubo más acciones en la ciudad de Santos (Brasil) que en otros municipios de la región metropolitana de la Baixada Santista y en la ciudad de São Paulo. La mayoría de las prácticas profesionales no se limita a la atención clínica del SEP, ocurriendo en instituciones públicas o vinculadas al tercer sector en la región, directa o indirectamente, relacionadas con la promoción de políticas públicas. La pluralidad de recursos (grupos, atención individual, acompañamiento terapéutico, talleres, soporte matricial, entre otros) revela un amplio repertorio de competencias y habilidades. La variada oferta de proyectos y campos para prácticas profesionales, los públicos destinatarios atendidos, así como la diversidad y flexibilidad de acciones y estrategias desarrolladas apuntan a una congruencia respecto a los lineamientos curriculares nacionales y al innovador proyecto pedagógico del curso.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Public Policy , Schools , Teaching , Thinking , Training Support , Contract Services , Hospitals, Teaching , Aptitude , Psychology , Research , Science , Social Work , Women , Work , Health Policy, Planning and Management , Family , Child , Residence Characteristics , Medical Records , Organizations , Triage , Adolescent , Negotiating , Interview , Competency-Based Education , Problem-Based Learning , Confidentiality , Consumer Behavior , Knowledge , Interdisciplinary Communication , Mandatory Programs , After-Hours Care , Health Care Economics and Organizations , User Embracement , Project Reports , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Existentialism , Evidence-Based Practice , Feedback , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Social Skills , Psychological Distress , Right to Health , Psychosocial Intervention , Self-Testing , Social Vulnerability , Integrative Community Therapy , Health Occupations , Hospital Administration , Interprofessional Relations , Legislation as Topic , Mental Health Services
3.
MedUNAB ; 25(3): [470-479], 01-12-2022.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437073

ABSTRACT

Introduction. The use of simulation in surgery has made it possible to shorten learning curves through deliberate practice. Although it has been incorporated long ago, there are still no clear recommendations to standardize its development and implementation. This manuscript aims to share recommendations based on our experience of more than twelve years of employing and improving a methodology in laparoscopic surgical simulation. Topics for Reflection. To transfer surgical skills to a trainee, we base our methodology on a three-pillar framework: The hardware and infrastructure (tools to train with), the training program itself (what to do), and the feedback (how to improve). Implementing a cost-effective program is feasible: the hardware does not need to be high fidelity to transfer skills, but the program needs to be validated. These pillars have evolved over time by incorporating technology: the on-site guidance from experts has changed to a remote and asynchronous modality by video recording the trainee's execution, and by enabling remote and asynchronous feedback. The feedback provider does not necessarily have to be an expert clinician in the subject, but a person previously trained to be a trainer. This allows for deliberate practice until mastery has been reached and learning curves are consolidated. Conclusions. Recommendations based on the experience of our center have been presented, explaining the framework of our strategy. Considering these suggestions, it is hoped that our simulation methodology can aid the development and implementation of effective simulationbased programs for other groups and institutions.


Introducción. El uso de la simulación en cirugía ha permitido acortar las curvas de aprendizaje mediante la práctica deliberada. A pesar de que se ha incorporado previamente, aún no existen recomendaciones claras para estandarizar su desarrollo e implementación. Este manuscrito pretende compartir recomendaciones basadas en nuestra experiencia, con más de doce años empleando y mejorando una metodología en la simulación quirúrgica laparoscópica. Temas de reflexión. Para transferir las habilidades quirúrgicas a un aprendiz, basamos nuestra metodología en un marco de tres pilares: El hardware y la infraestructura (herramientas con las que entrenar), el programa de entrenamiento (qué hacer), y la retroalimentación (cómo mejorar). La implementación de un programa rentable es factible: el hardware no necesita ser de alta fidelidad para transferir las habilidades, pero el programa necesita ser validado. Estos pilares han evolucionado a lo largo del tiempo incorporando tecnología: la presencia de expertos ha evolucionado a una modalidad remota y asincrónica mediante la grabación en vídeo de la ejecución del alumno, y permitiendo su retroalimentación. Aquel que entrega retroalimentación no tiene que ser necesariamente un clínico experto en la materia, sino una persona previamente formada como instructor. Esto permite una práctica deliberada hasta dominar la habilidad y establecer curvas de aprendizaje. Conclusiones. Se han presentado recomendaciones basadas en la experiencia de nuestro centro, explicando el marco de nuestra estrategia. Teniendo en cuenta estas sugerencias, se espera que nuestra metodología de simulación pueda ayudar al desarrollo e implementación de programas efectivos basados en la simulación a otros grupos e instituciones.


Introdução. O uso de simulação em cirurgia tornou possível encurtar as curvas de aprendizagem por meio da prática deliberada. Embora tenha sido incorporado anteriormente, ainda não há recomendações claras para padronizar seu desenvolvimento e implementação. Este manuscrito pretende compartilhar recomendações com base em nossa experiência, com mais de doze anos usando e aprimorando uma metodologia em simulação cirúrgica laparoscópica. Temas de reflexão. Para transferir habilidades cirúrgicas para um aprendiz, baseamos nossa metodologia em uma estrutura de três pilares: o hardware e a infraestrutura (ferramentas para treinar), o programa de treinamento (o que fazer) e feedback (como melhorar). A implementação de um programa rentável é viável: o hardware não precisa ser de alta fidelidade para transferir as habilidades, mas o programa precisa ser validado. Esses pilares evoluíram ao longo do tempo incorporando a tecnologia: a presença de especialistas evoluiu para uma modalidade remota e assíncrona por meio da gravação em vídeo do desempenho do aluno e permitindo seu feedback. Quem dá feedback não precisa ser necessariamente um clínico especialista na área, mas sim uma pessoa previamente treinada como instrutor. Isso permite a prática deliberada até que a habilidade seja dominada e estabeleça curvas de aprendizado. Conclusões. Foram apresentadas recomendações baseadas na experiência do nosso centro, explicando o enquadramento da nossa estratégia. Levando em consideração essas sugestões, espera-se que nossa metodologia de simulação possa ajudar outros grupos e instituições a desenvolver e implementar programas eficazes baseados em simulação.


Subject(s)
General Surgery , Laparoscopy , Simulation Exercise , Education, Medical , Feedback , Simulation Training
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(3): 545-552, jun. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385660

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El año 2020, la pandemia por COVID-19 forzó a que toda la docencia universitaria se dictase de forma telemática, lo que incluye la enseñanza de anatomía humana. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la percepción de los alumnos con respecto a los recursos digitales y estrategias activas utilizadas en la versión en línea de la asignatura de anatomía humana. La muestra estuvo constituida por 77 estudiantes de primer año de Odontología que cursaban la asignatura de anatomía. Para la recogida de datos se utilizó un cuestionario de auto aplicación y la realización de tres focus groups con preguntas semi-estructuradas. Los datos cuantitativos se analizaron con estadística descriptiva y los cualitativos mediante teoría fundamentada. El análisis cualitativo determinó 6 categorías relevantes expresadas por los estudiantes: posibilidad de trabajar colaborativamente, espacios de retroalimentación, tipo de información, uso del material, percepción del académico y el factor tiempo. Respecto al análisis cuantitativo, el manual de Anatomía Aplicada para Estudiantes de Odontología fue el recurso digital mejor evaluado (p< 0,005), lo cual fue estadísticamente significativo. Seguido por el atlas 3D de Visible Body como el segundo recurso digital mejor evaluado (p < 0,005). Mientras que el análisis de casos clínicos y la realización de dibujos fueron las estrategias activas mejor evaluadas, las cuales fueron estadísticamente significativas (p< 0,005). El recurso digital más recomendado por los estudiantes fue el manual (30,4 %) seguido por el atlas 3D de Visible Body (28,5 %). La estrategia activa más recomendada fue el rotulado grupal de modelos del manual (37,5 %). Los alumnos perciben positivamente la virtualización de la asigna- tura destacando el rol del docente mediante la retroalimentación y la interacción entre pares.


SUMMARY: In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic forced all university teaching to be taught online, including the teaching of human anatomy. The objective of this work was to evaluate the students' perception regarding digital resources and active strategies used in the online version of the human anatomy subject. The sample consisted of 77 first-year dentistry students who were studying anatomy. For data collection, a self-application questionnaire and three focus groups with semi-structured questions were used. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and qualitative data using grounded theory. The qualitative analysis determined 6 relevant categories expressed by the students: possibility of working collaboratively, feedback spaces, type of information, use of the material, perception of the academic and the time factor. Regarding the quantitative analysis, the manual of Applied Anatomy for Dentistry Students was the best evaluated digital resource (p<0.005), which was statistically significant. It was followed by the Visible Body 3D atlas as the second best evaluated digital resource (p < 0.005). While the analysis of clinical cases and the making of drawings were the best evaluated active strategies, they were statistically significant (p<0.005). The most recommended digital resource by the students, was the manual (30.4%) followed by the Visible Body 3D atlas (28.5 %). The most recommended active strategy was group labeling of manual models (37.5 %). Students positively perceive the virtualization of the subject, highlighting the role of the teacher through feedback and peer interaction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Dental/psychology , Education, Distance , COVID-19 , Anatomy/education , Perception , Surveys and Questionnaires , Problem-Based Learning , Education, Dental , Feedback
5.
Av. psicol. latinoam ; 40(1): 1-34, ene.-abr. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1427999

ABSTRACT

To improve education, it is necessary to use evidence-based techniques, that is, techniques based on the scientific method proven to be effective in improving educational practices. One of the strategies indicated by the science of learning is the retrieval practice (trying to remember the content learned, strengthening the memory traces). This study synthesizes the research developed on retrieval practice in the teaching and learning process of children from a systematic review system based on the prismamethod. For this, a biblio-graphic search was carried out in the databases of the capes/mec, eric, Scielo, PubMed, Web of Science, and Psycinfo. Forty-one articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. The studies converge on stating there is a beneficial effect of using retrieval practice from an early age (18 months of age). This practice can help both long-term learning and new learning in children, especially when feedback is provided. Thus, there is a need to expand the recommendations to educators so that this audience also benefits from the use of this strategy.


Para mejorar la educación es necesario utilizar técnicas basadas en la evidencia, es decir, basadas en el método científico, utilizar estrategias que demuestren su eficacia para mejorar las prácticas educativas. Entre las prácticas muy recomendadas por la ciencia del aprendizaje se encuentra la práctica de recordar, que consiste en tratar de recordar el contenido aprendido, fortaleciendo así las huellas de la memoria. Este estudio resume la investigación desarrollada sobre la práctica de recordar en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los niños, a partir de una revisión sistemática basada en el método prisma. Para ello, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos de las revistas capes/mec, eric, Scielo, Pubmed, Web of Science y PsycINFO. Se incluyeron 41 artículos en una síntesis cualitativa. Los estudios convergen en que existe un efecto beneficioso de utilizar la práctica de recordar con bebés a partir de los 18 meses de edad, es decir, esta práctica puede ayudar tanto al aprendizaje a largo plazo como a facilitar nuevos aprendizajes en los niños, especial-mente cuando se brinda retroalimentación. Por lo tanto, existe la necesidad de ampliar las recomendaciones a los educadores para que ese público también pueda beneficiarse del uso de esta estrategia.


Para melhorar a educação, é necessário utilizar técnicas baseadas em evidências, ou seja, com base no método científico, usar estratégias que são comprovadamente eficazes para aperfeiçoar as práticas educativas. Entre as práticas altamente recomendadas pela ciência da aprendizagem, está a prática de lembrar, que envolve tentar evocar o conteúdo aprendido, fortalecendo assim, os traços de memória. Esse estudo sintetiza as pesquisas desenvolvidas a respeito da prática de lembrar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de crianças, a partir de uma revisão sistemática baseada no método prisma. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados do portal de periódicos capes/mec, eric, Scielo, PubMed, Web of Science e PsycINFO. Foram incluídos em síntese qualitativa 41 artigos. Os estudos convergem para o fato de que há efeito benéfico do uso de prática de lembrar com bebês a partir dos 18 meses de idade, ou seja, essa prática pode auxiliar tanto a aprendizagem de longa duração, quanto facilitar novas aprendizagens em crianças, especialmente quando o feedback é fornecido. Dessa maneira, há necessida-de de ampliar as recomendações a educadores para que esse público também seja beneficiado com o uso dessa estratégia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Teaching , Education , Feedback , Learning , Literature , Memory
6.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 8(1): 29-35, ene.-mar. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391836

ABSTRACT

Durante la última década las escuelas de medicina han incorporado herramientas de educación a distancia, existiendo numerosas áreas de intervención. El razonamiento clínico es un área que requiere una ejercitación continua y una retroalimentación efectiva. Dado esto se plantea la interrogante de la recepción de una herramienta de aprendizaje lúdico del razonamiento clínico médico que entregue la retroalimentación efectiva con fines de estimulación del aprendizaje. Para ello se desarrolló una herramienta multiplataforma compatible con dispositivos de escritorio y móviles basada en Ren'Py, la cual fue distribuida a estudiantes de cuarto y quinto año. Posteriormente, se aplicó una encuesta de percepción para evaluar la recepción de la herramienta. Dentro de los puntos evaluados destaca ser una forma motivante de reforzar los estudios, con entrega de información atingente y facilidad de uso. Permite además reconocer debilidades y es considerada un aporte a la formación por parte de los estudiantes. A raíz de esta implementación se pudo confirmar utilidad de la retroalimentación efectiva entregada de forma instantánea dentro de casos clínicos estructurados, abriendo nuevas posibilidades al abanico de herramientas disponibles en educación superior.


Over the last decade, medical schools have incorporated distance learning tools, with numerous intervention areas available. Clinical reasoning is an area that requires continuous training and effective feedback. Given this, arises the question about the reception of a gamified learning tool for medical clinical reasoning that delivers effective feedback intended for the stimulation of learning. For this, a multiplatform tool compatible with desktop and mobile devices was developed based on Ren'Py, which was distributed to fourth and fifth year students. Subsequently, a perception survey was applied to evaluate the reception of the tool. Among the points evaluated, it stands out to be a motivating way of reinforcing the studies, with delivery of pertinent information and ease of use. It also allows the recognition of weaknesses and is considered a contribution to training by the students. As a result of this implementation, it was possible to confirm the usefulness of the effective feedback delivered instantly within structured clinical cases, opening new possibilities to the range of tools available in higher education.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aptitude , Learning , Surveys and Questionnaires , Clinical Competence , Feedback , Clinical Reasoning , Gamification
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(4): 867-871, 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405251

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The information technology (IT) based "instant evaluation" is supported by IT, which allows instant evaluation of teaching phenomena based on certain evaluation criteria and provides instant feedback. In anatomy teaching, we explored and practiced the application of instant evaluation based on a platform called "Rain classroom." We found that IT-based instant evaluation had higher practicability and better student satisfaction, which could improve teaching efficiency during class time, help students improve learning methods, and promote knowledge mastery. Additionally, instant evaluation positively impacted teachers' evaluation ability and teaching skills.


RESUMEN: La "evaluación instantánea" basada en la tecnología de la información (TI) está respaldada por ésta y permite la evaluación instantánea de los fenómenos de enseñanza en función de ciertos criterios de evaluación proporcionando retroalimentación instantánea. En la enseñanza de la anatomía, exploramos y practicamos la aplicación de la evaluación instantánea basada en una plataforma llamada "Aula de lluvia" o Rain Classroom. Descubrimos que la evaluación instantánea basada en TI tenía una mayor practicidad y una mejor satisfacción de los estudiantes, lo que podría mejorar la eficiencia de la enseñanza durante el tiempo de clase, ayudar a los estudiantes a mejorar los métodos de aprendizaje y promover el dominio del conocimiento. Además, la evaluación instantánea tuvo un impacto positivo en la capacidad de evaluación y las habilidades de enseñanza de los maestros.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students , Educational Measurement/methods , Information Technology , Feedback , Anatomy/education , Teaching , Software , China , Surveys and Questionnaires
9.
MHSalud ; 18(1)jun. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386143

ABSTRACT

Resumen El propósito del presente estudio fue examinar la efectividad del feedback aumentado (FA) en el desempeño y aprendizaje de destrezas motrices. La búsqueda de los estudios se realizó en bases de datos digitales, revisando referencias y consultando a personal experto del área. La selección de los estudios y la extracción de los datos fue realizada por las tres autoras de forma independiente. La calidad de los estudios se evaluó utilizando una modificación de la escala TESTEX. Con el modelo de efectos aleatorios se calculó el tamaño de efecto (TE) de la diferencia de medias estandarizada. Se examinó la heterogeneidad con la Q estadística y la consistencia con I 2 . Veinte estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Un total de 95 TE fueron calculados, lo cual representa a 949 participantes. El uso de FA durante la práctica física aumentó el desempeño significativamente entre el pretest y la adquisición (TE = 0.87; IC95% = 0.65, 1.10; n = 47; Q = 183.6, I 2 = 74.41%; p < 0.01); mientras que el desempeño disminuyó significativamente entre la prueba de adquisición y la retención, después de que el FA fue suspendido (TE = -0.74, IC95% = -1.04, -0.44; n = 45; Q = 377.45, I 2 . = 88.34%; p < 0.01). Se analizaron la edad y el nivel de habilidad de los sujetos participantes, el tipo de destreza y las características de la práctica y el tipo de FA como posibles variables moderadoras. Los resultados sugieren que el desempeño mejora en la adquisición al recibir FA durante la práctica física, y disminuye en la retención, una vez que no está disponible; no obstante, el uso de FA promueve significativamente el aprendizaje de destrezas motrices.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to use the meta-analytic approach to assess the effectiveness of augmented feedback (AF) on performance and learning of motor skills. Studies were retrieved by searching electronic databases, cross refereeing, and expert criteria. Studies were selected and data was extracted by the three authors independently. The quality of the studies was measured by a modify TEXTEX scale. Random effects models using the standardized mean difference effect size (ES) were used to pool results. Risk of bias, heterogeneity, and inconsistency was examined. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 95 ESs were calculated, representing 949 participants. During physical practice, performance increases from pretest to acquisition when receiving AF (ES = 0.87; 95%CI = 0.65, 1.10; n = 47; I 2 . = 74.41; Q= 183,6; p < 0.01); while performance significantly decrease between the acquisition and retention phase after AF was removed (ES = -0.74; 95%CI = -1.04, -0.44; n = 45; I 2 . = 88.34; Q = 377.45; p < 0.01). Age and skill level ability of the participants, type of task, and practice characteristics, and type of feedback were analyzed as potentially moderator variables. Results suggest that AF increases performance in motor skills during physical practice, but performance decreases after removing AF in retention; all due, AF enhances learning of motor skills.


Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi examinar a eficácia do aumento do feedback (AF) sobre o desempenho e a aprendizagem das habilidades motoras. Foram pesquisados estudos em bancos de dados digitais, verificando referências e consultando especialistas na área. A seleção do estudo e a extração de dados foi feita pelos três autores independentemente. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada utilizando uma modificação da escala TESTEX. Sob o modelo de efeitos aleatórios, foi calculado o tamanho do efeito (TE) da diferença média padronizada. A heterogeneidade foi examinada usando o Q estatístico e a consistência usando o I2. Vinte estudos preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Um total de 95 TE's foi calculado, representando 949 participantes. O uso de AF durante a prática física aumentou significativamente o desempenho entre o pré-teste e a aquisição (ET = 0,87; CI95% = 0,65, 1,10; n = 47; Q = 183,6, I2 = 74,41%; p < 0. 01); enquanto o desempenho diminuiu significativamente entre o teste de aquisição e a retenção, depois que o AF foi suspenso (SD = -0,74, 95% CI = -1,04, -0,44; n = 45; Q = 377,45, I2. = 88,34%; p < 0,01). A idade e o nível de habilidade dos participantes, tipo de habilidade e características de prática, e tipo de AF foram analisados como possíveis variáveis moderadoras. Os resultados sugerem que o desempenho melhora na aquisição ao receber AF durante a prática física, e diminui na retenção, uma vez que ela não está disponível; entretanto, o uso de AF promove significativamente o aprendizado das habilidades motoras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Exercise , Feedback , Motor Skills
10.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 87(3): 247-254, May-Jun. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285689

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Electrophysiological evidence has reinforced the hypothesis that stuttering is associated with a deficit in modulation of the cortical auditory system during speech planning, contributing to an inefficient auditory feedback monitoring and, consequently, resulting in disfluencies. Objective To verify the impact of auditory feedback modifications on the spontaneous speech of individuals with stuttering. Methods Sixteen individuals, of both genders, aged 8-17 years and 11 months, with a diagnosis of persistent neurodevelopmental stuttering, were divided into two groups: Moderate Stuttering Group and Severe Stuttering Group. The testing procedures consisted of three stages: collection of identification data, audiological assessment and fluency evaluation of spontaneous speech in four auditory feedback conditions (non-altered, delayed, masked and amplified). The speech sample obtained in the non-altered feedback was considered the control; the others were considered as modified listening conditions. Results Regarding the stuttering-like disfluencies, a statistically significant difference was observed in the intragroup analysis of the Moderate Stuttering Group between non-altered and masked auditory feedback (p = 0.042), as well as between non-altered and amplified (p = 0.042). There was a statistically significant difference in the Severe Stuttering Group for all auditory feedback modifications in relation to the non-altered (delayed p = 0.012, masked p = 0.025 and amplified p = 0.042). There was also a reduction in flows of syllables and words-per-minute in the Moderate Stuttering Group for the delayed auditory feedback, as compared to non-altered (p = 0.017 and p = 0.025, respectively). Conclusion The effect of delayed auditory feedback was favorable for the Severe Stuttering Group, promoting speech fluency. The conditions of masked and amplified auditory feedback resulted in speech benefits in both groups, decreasing the number of stuttering-like disfluencies. The speech rate was not impaired by any listening condition analyzed.


Resumo Introdução Evidências eletrofisiológicas têm reforçado a hipótese de que a gagueira está associada a um déficit na modulação do sistema auditivo cortical durante o planejamento da fala, o que contribui para um monitoramento ineficiente da retroalimentação auditiva e, consequentemente, resulta em disfluências. Objetivo Verificar o impacto das modificações da retroalimentação auditiva na fala espontânea de indivíduos com gagueira. Método Participaram 16 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, na faixa de 8 a 17 anos e 11 meses, com diagnóstico de gagueira neurodesenvolvimental persistente, divididos em dois grupos: grupo de gagueira moderada e grupo de gagueira grave. Os procedimentos constaram de três etapas: coleta dos dados de identificação, avaliação audiológica e avaliação da fluência da fala espontânea em quatro condições de retroalimentação auditiva (habitual, atrasada, mascarada e amplificada). A amostra de fala obtida na retroalimentação habitual foi considerada controle; as demais foram consideradas como condições de escuta modificadas. Resultados Com relação às disfluências típicas da gagueira, na análise intragrupo do grupo de gagueira moderada, observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre a retroalimentação auditiva habitual e a mascarada (p = 0,042); assim como entre a habitual e a amplificada (p = 0,042). No grupo de gagueira grave, houve diferença estatisticamente significante em todas as modificações de retroalimentação auditiva em relação à habitual (atrasada p = 0,012; mascarada p = 0,025 e amplificada p = 0,042). Verificou-se, ainda, redução dos fluxos de sílabas e de palavras por minuto no grupo de gagueira moderada na retroalimentação auditiva atrasada, quando comparada com a habitual (p = 0,017 e p = 0,025; respectivamente). Conclusão O efeito da retroalimentação auditiva atrasada foi favorável para o grupo de gagueira grave, pois promoveu a fluência da fala. As condições de retroalimentação auditiva mascarada e amplificada ocasionaram benefícios na fala espontânea de ambos os grupos, diminuíram a quantidade de disfluências típicas da gagueira. A velocidade de fala não foi prejudicada por nenhuma condição de escuta analisada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Stuttering , Auditory Perception , Speech , Feedback , Feedback, Sensory
11.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1419066

ABSTRACT

En esta época de los tiempos líquidos, la subjetividad fluida (Baumann,2007; 2018; Lewcowicz, 2004) y los amores líquidos podemos pensar ¿identidades sexuales líquidas? Siguiendo estos interrogantes Ansermet (2016) nos pone en el eje del asunto. "Los movimientos trans más progresistas nos interpelan a nosotros psicoanalistas, en la medida en que ponen en crisis la noción misma de identidad, es decir que la identidad está vacía, y este vacío está en el centro de algunas preocupaciones de los trans, en su forma de arreglárselas con este vacío, es un bricolage con este vacío, hacen algo con este vacío, buscan soluciones." En este sentido la "autopercepción" lejos de ser un vacío, o una creación ex nihilo es ya una respuesta, una posición, una decisión y como tal supone un pasaje por el Otro. Lacan hablaba del sinthome, Ansermet del bricolage, formas del anudamiento del uno por uno a la falla estructural, a la ausencia de relación sexual. Formas de posicionarse frente a esa nada sobre la que se teje la identidad de género


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Sexuality , Transgender Persons , Gender Identity , Psychoanalytic Interpretation , Psychoanalytic Theory , Feedback , Motion Pictures
12.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 26(3): 931-940, mar. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153817

ABSTRACT

Resumo Este artigo descreve e analisa o processo de devolutiva dos resultados do 2º ciclo avaliativo das boas práticas na atenção ao parto e nascimento em maternidades vinculadas à Rede Cegonha, estratégia do Ministério da Saúde implementada em 2011, com enfoque no potencial de contribuição para a melhoria da gestão e atenção obstétrica e neonatal. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo de análise documental de 27 relatórios dos estados e do Distrito Federal referentes às Oficinas de Devolutiva com 1.641 participantes, sendo 40% de profissionais e gestores das maternidades avaliadas, 25% de representantes estaduais, 20% das secretarias municipais de saúde e 15% de representantes da esfera federal. Entre janeiro e agosto de 2019, foram recebidos 46% dos planos de ação de maternidades de 11 estados. Os resultados demonstram o desafio de incorporar os processos de monitoramento e avaliação no cotidiano destas maternidades, por questões estruturais da cultura institucional. Essa situação interfere na análise local de informações de forma sistemática e na realização de ciclos nacionais de avaliação com retorno dos resultados de forma ágil e contínua, uma vez que o acesso a dados nacionais secundários é inexistente no caso das boas práticas de assistência ao parto e nascimento.


Abstract This paper describes and analyzes the process of providing feedback on the results of the second evaluation cycle of good practices of delivery and birth care in maternity hospitals linked to the Rede Cegonha, a Ministry of Health strategy implemented in 2011 to improve obstetric and neonatal healthcare and management. This is a qualitative study based on the documentary analysis of 27 reports from the states and the Federal District referring to the feedback workshops with 1.641 participants, 40% of whom were professionals and managers of the maternity hospitals evaluated, 25% of state representatives, 20% of municipal health secretariats and 15% of federal representatives. Around 46% of maternity hospitals' action plans in 11 states were received from January to August 2019. The results show the challenge of incorporating the monitoring and evaluation processes in these maternity hospitals' daily lives due to structural issues in institutional culture. This situation interferes with the local systematic analysis of information and the implementation of national evaluation cycles with the swift and continuous feedback of the results since access to secondary national data is non-existent in good delivery care practices.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Delivery of Health Care , Hospitals, Maternity , Brazil , Qualitative Research , Feedback
13.
Iatreia ; 34(1): 15-24, ene.-mar. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154354

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivos: medir el impacto en la calidad de la prescripción antibiótica empírica en los médicos generales luego de la implementación de un sistema de evaluación y retroalimentación. Métodos: estudio cuasiexperimental con pre y postintervención en una clínica de tercer nivel en Medellín. Se revisó las prescripciones de un grupo de antibióticos por un médico internista, un epidemiólogo y un infectólogo. Se midió el consumo de antibióticos, las retroalimentaciones realizadas, el diagnóstico de la sepsis, tiempo de inicio de los antibióticos en el servicio de urgencias y la prevalencia de Escherichia coli productora de betalactamasa de espectro extendido. Resultados: el número de retroalimentaciones descendió de 10,9 a 2 %. Se redujo el consumo de ceftriaxona (p = 0,04), piperacilina tazobactam (p = 0,01), cefepime (p = 0,04) y ciprofloxacina (p = 0,01). Se evidenció una tendencia a la reducción en la prevalencia de E. coli BLEE (p = 0,3). La intervención no produjo un retraso en el inicio de antibióticos en el servicio de urgencias. Conclusión: una estrategia de auditoría y retroalimentación a los médicos generales, referente a la calidad de la prescripción antibiótica, reduce el consumo de antibióticos sin afectar la oportunidad del diagnóstico de sepsis o el inicio de su tratamiento y puede impactar favorablemente en el perfil de resistencia de la flora microbiana institucional.


SUMMARY Objectives: To measure the impact on the quality of the empirical antibiotic prescription in general practitioners, after the implementation of an evaluation and feedback system. Methods: Quasi-experimental study with pre- and post-intervention in a tertiary care center in Medellín. The prescriptions of a group of antibiotics were reviewed by an internist, an epidemiologist and an infectologist. When failures were found, prescribing doctors were informed. Subsequently, antibiotic consumption, feedbacks, sepsis diagnosis, start time of antibiotics in the emergency department and monthly incidence of Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum betalactamase were measured. Results: The numbers of feedbacks decreased from 10.9% to 2%. Consumption of ceftriaxone (p = 0.04), piperacillin tazobactam (p = 0.01), cefepime (p = 0.04) and ciprofloxacin (p = 0.01) was reduced. There was a tendency to reduce the prevalence of E. coli ESBL. The intervention did not cause a delay in the start of antibiotics in the emergency department. Conclusions: A strategy of continuous feedback to general practitioners regarding the quality of antibiotic prescription reduces consumption of antibiotics without causing changes in diagnosis opportunity or the beginning of antibiotics in sepsis and can impact favorably the resistance profile of the institutional microbial flora.


Subject(s)
Humans , Prescriptions , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Feedback , General Practitioners
14.
Cienc. act. fís. (Talca, En línea) ; 22(2): 1-11, 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1361611

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN. El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje hace prioritario valorar las experiencias y perspectivas de los actores involucrados, para ello, es necesario promover la dialogicidad entre estudiantes y docentes, como una actividad de retroalimentación que oriente a la reflexión y análisis en busca de la adaptación y mejora del mismo. El objetivo del estudio fue valorar la práctica educativa sustentada en el enfoque de pensamiento complejo, a partir de la perspectiva estudiantil. El presente trabajo muestra los datos obtenidos a partir de sistematización de experiencias académicas desarrollada con 23 estudiantes del segundo semestre de Licenciatura en Educación Física, con respecto, al primer objeto de estudio del proyecto formativo implementado que atiende la asignatura Bases Psicopedagógicas en el semestre enero-junio 2018, para lo cual se atendieron tres fases procedimentales: reconstrucción, interpretación y potenciación de la experiencia. Haciendo uso de la videograbación y observación participante, se analizó como unidad de observación al pensamiento complejo y como unidades de análisis 1. La planeación analítica de clase compuesta por 2. Estrategias docentes innovadoras y 3. La metodología de evaluación. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes manifiestan interés y motivación por las unidades de análisis 2 y 3, expresando que les favorecen las clases dinámicas y la valoración de su trabajo con un carácter formativo y no memorístico. En cuanto a la unidad de observación 1, manifestaron un dominio limitado acerca de la propuesta presentada por la docente. Se rescata su interés y satisfacción porque las asignaturas teóricas los sitúen en su realidad laboral.


ABSTRACT. In the teaching-learning process it becomes a priority to assess the experiences and perspectives of the actors involved, for this it is necessary to promote dialogue between students and teachers, as a feedback activity that guides reflection and analysis in search of adaptation and of the improvement of it. The objective was to assess the educational practice based on the complex thinking approach from the student perspective. The present work shows the data obtained from Systematization of Academic Experiences developed with 23 students of the second semester of the Degree in Physical Education, with respect to the first object of study of the formative project implemented that attends the subject Psychopedagogical Bases in the semester January -June 2018, for which three procedural phases were attended: reconstruction, interpretation and enhancement of the experience. Using video recording and participant observation, it was analyzed as a unit of observation to complex thinking and as units of analysis 1.The analytical class planning, 2. The teaching strategies implemented and 3. The evaluation methodology. The results show that the students express interest and motivation for the analysis units 2 and 3, expressing that they favor dynamic classes and the valuation of their work with a formative and non-memorial character. Regarding the observation unit 1, they expressed limited mastery of the proposal presented by the teacher. Their interest and satisfaction are rescued because the theoretical subjects place them in their work reality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Physical Education and Training , Students , Feedback , Teaching , Qualitative Research , Learning
15.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177082

ABSTRACT

Learning in groups is commonly used in academic and clinical health professions education (HPE). There is growing recognition that regulation during learning is essential for both the individual learner and group learning. The authors in this article propose a practical approach for understanding, evaluating and providing feedback on regulation during group learning. The approach is informed by previous studies conducted in other areas of education. Three varieties of regulation during group learning are discussed: individual, co-regulation and shared regulation. Each variety of regulation has a focus on three essential activities during group learning: task, social and motivation. Illustrative scenarios are presented to describe how the approach can be practically used in HPE. The specific and additional focus on regulation can enhance current approaches for providing feedback on group learning and the authors discuss recommendations for practical implementation and future research.


Aprendizagem em grupo é muito utilizada no ensino dos profissionais de saúde tanto na parte acadêmica quanto na parte clínica. Há um crescente reconhecimento de que a regulação durante aprendizagem é essencial para o indivíduo e em grupo. Os autores deste artigo propõem um modelo prático para entender, avaliar e fornecer feedback em regulação durante a aprendizagem em grupo. Esse modelo é baseado por estudos publicados em outras áreas de educação, sendo composto por três variações de regulação durante aprendizagem em grupo, a saber, individual, corregulação e regulação compartilhada. Cada variação de regulação foca em três atividades essenciais durante a aprendizagem em grupo: tarefa, social e motivacional. Cenários ilustrativos são apresentados para descrever como esse modelo pode ser utilizado em ensino em saúde. O foco específico e adicional em regulação pode melhorar práticas de feedback em aprendizagem em grupos e os autores discutem recomendações para implementações práticas assim como pesquisas futuras.


Subject(s)
Learning , Education , Feedback
16.
Journal of Biomedical Engineering ; (6): 539-548, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-888211

ABSTRACT

The subpulmonary ventricular exclusion (Fontan) could effectively improve the living quality for the children patients with a functional single ventricle in clinical. However, postoperative Fontan circulation failure can easily occur, causing obvious limitations while clinically implementing Fontan. The cavopulmonary assist devices (CPAD) is currently an effective means to solve such limitations. Therefore, in this paper the


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Algorithms , Feedback , Heart-Assist Devices , Hemodynamics , Models, Cardiovascular
17.
Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion ; (12): 471-477, 2021.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-877641

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy of scalp acupuncture combined with lower-limb intelligent feedback training and lower-limb intelligent feedback training alone for lower-limb motor dysfunction after stroke.@*METHODS@#A total of 154 patients with lower-limb motor dysfunction after stroke were randomly divided into an observation group (76 cases, 6 cases dropped off) and a control group (78 cases, 8 cases dropped off). The patients in both groups were treated with conventional medication and exercise rehabilitation training. In addition, the patients in the observation group were treated with scalp acupuncture combined with lower-limb intelligent feedback training. The scalp acupuncture was given at upper 1/5 of the anterior oblique line of parietal temporal area and upper 1/5 of the posterior oblique line of parietal temporal area. The patients in the control group were treated with lower-limb intelligent feedback training alone. All the treatment was given once a day, 6 days a week, totaling for 8 weeks. The affected-side lower-limb Brunnstrom stage and modified Ashworth scale (MAS) grade, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Berg balance scale (BBS) score and modified Barthel index (MBI) score were evaluated before and after treatment in the two groups. The plantar pressure was measured by gait function evaluation system.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the Brunnstrom stage in the two groups was improved after treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#The scalp acupuncture combined with lower-limb intelligent feedback training could reduce the muscle tension of lower limbs, promote the separation movement mode of lower limbs, improve the plantar pressure distribution, and improve the balance ability and walking ability in stroke patients, and the curative effect is better than lower-limb intelligent feedback training alone.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acupuncture Therapy , Feedback , Scalp , Stroke/complications , Stroke Rehabilitation , Treatment Outcome
18.
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines (English Ed.) ; (6): 815-824, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-922764

ABSTRACT

Cervical cancer (CC) is recognized as the most common neoplasm in the female reproductive system worldwide. The lack of chemotherapeutic agents with outstanding effectiveness and safety severely compromises the anti-cipated prognosis of patients. Aloperine (ALO) is a natural quinolizidine alkaloid with marked anti-cancer effects on multiple malignancies as well as favorable activity in relieving inflammation, allergies and infection. However, its therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanism in CC are still unclear. In the current study, MTT assay was employed to evaluate the viability of HeLa cells exposed to ALO to preliminarily estimate the effectiveness of ALO in CC. Then, the effects of ALO on the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa cells were further investigated by plate colony formation and flow cytometry, respectively, while the migration and invasion of ALO-treated HeLa cells were evaluated using Transwell assay. Moreover, nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with HeLa cells to demonstrate the anti-CC properties of ALO in vivo. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects of ALO were evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. This study experimentally demonstrated that ALO inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells via G2 phase cell cycle arrest. Simultaneously, ALO promoted an increase in the percentage of apoptotic HeLa cells by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Additionally, the migration and invasion of HeLa cells were attenuated by ALO treatment, which was considered to result from inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. For molecular mechanisms, the expression and activation of the IL-6-JAK1-STAT3 feedback loop were markedly suppressed by ALO treatment. This study indicated that ALO markedly suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion and enhances the apoptosis of HeLa cells. In addition, these prominent anti-CC properties of ALO are associated with repression of the IL-6-JAK1-STAT3 feedback loop.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Apoptosis , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Feedback , HeLa Cells , Interleukin-6/genetics , Janus Kinase 1 , Mice, Nude , Quinolizidines , STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics , Signal Transduction , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy
19.
International Journal of Oral Science ; (4): 8-8, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-880862

ABSTRACT

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a high incidence of metastasis. Tumour immunotherapy targeting PD-L1 or PD-1 has been revolutionary; however, only a few patients with OSCC respond to this treatment. Therefore, it is essential to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth and metastasis of OSCC. In this study, we analysed the expression levels of protein kinase D3 (PKD3) and PD-L1 and their correlation with the expression of mesenchymal and epithelial markers. We found that the expression of PKD3 and PD-L1 in OSCC cells and tissues was significantly increased, which correlated positively with that of mesenchymal markers but negatively with that of epithelial markers. Silencing PKD3 significantly inhibited the growth, metastasis and invasion of OSCC cells, while its overexpression promoted these processes. Our further analyses revealed that there was positive feedback regulation between PKD3 and PD-L1, which could drive EMT of OSCC cells via the ERK/STAT1/3 pathway, thereby promoting tumour growth and metastasis. Furthermore, silencing PKD3 significantly inhibited the expression of PD-L1, and lymph node metastasis of OSCC was investigated with a mouse footpad xenograft model. Thus, our findings provide a theoretical basis for targeting PKD3 as an alternative method to block EMT for regulating PD-L1 expression and inhibiting OSCC growth and metastasis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cell Line, Tumor , Feedback , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Mouth Neoplasms , Protein Kinase C , STAT1 Transcription Factor , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
20.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(9)sept. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389320

ABSTRACT

Knowing what characterizes an excellent teacher is relevant to guide training, evaluation, and continuous improvement of the clinical teacher. We performed a systematic review using the PRISMA protocol, aiming to identify the attributes of an excellent clinical teacher. MEDLINE, ERIC, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases were searched for articles published in English and Spanish, between 2007 and 2019. Two independent reviewers extracted and synthesized data from articles that met the PRISMA pre-established criteria. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the 106 attributes reported by the studies, 49 (46,2%) were generic. The most frequently mentioned attribute was respectfulness. Forty-six attributes (43,3%) were pedagogical. Feedback and planning were those most frequently mentioned. Eleven attributes (10,3%) were disciplinary and clinical skills was the most mentioned. We conclude that generic and pedagogical dimensions had a greater representation in the literature, in comparison with the disciplinary dimension. This could be explained, considering that having adequate clinical skills is the minimal necessary requisite to become a clinical teacher, but does not make a difference in how their performance is perceived, contrary to the generic and pedagogical dimensions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Competence , Education, Medical , Education, Medical/standards , Feedback
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